Highclere Castle

 Castles from the 1900s

History of the Highclere Castle:
-first opened in 1842
-during World War 1 Almina, the 5th Countess of Carnarvon transformed the castle into a hospital 
-patients began to arrive in September 1914
-Almina was a nurse and extremely skilled healer to all of her patients 
-in 1922 the castle became a private home again-the owner was now 5th Earl of Carnarvon
-then during World War 2 the castle became a place for kids from north London to evacuate to
-Earl and Countess of Carnarvon live in the castle/near by it so they can still manage it to this day

This is the Highclere Castle today in Hampshire, England, United Kingdom. 

Rooms in the Castle: 

These are a few of the many rooms throughout the Highclere Castle.

This is the Saloon Room. It is known as the heart of the house. It was designed by Thomas Allom with a gothic style for the 4th Earl. The walls were made of leather. The leather was hung there in 1862.

This is the library. This is also known as the "withdrawing" room. The 4th Earl discussed politics here with his friends. There are over 5,650 books in this library.

This is the music room. The ceiling was painted in the 1730s by Francis Hayman. The walls are hung up with embroidery from the 16th century. 

This is the drawing room. They used French silk to decorate this room. This room leads right into the smoking room.

This is the smoking room. There are Dutch paintings in this room from the 17th century. There is also some 19th century art hanging on the walls from a Grand Tour. 








Sources:

https://www.google.com/search?q=highclere+castle&biw=1137&bih=619&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=71c9VbL2PLDnsASsrIHYDg&sqi=2&ved=0CAYQ_AUoAQ#imgrc=JS0S8PjZRWeLYM%253A%3BANJQmK8oMSHPQM%3Bhttps%253A%252F%252Fjaneaustensworld.files.wordpress.com%252F2012%252F01%252Fhighclere_castle_today.jpg%3Bhttps%253A%252F%252Fjaneaustensworld.wordpress.com%252F2012%252F01%252F29%252Fhighclere-castle-floor-plan-the-real-downton-abbey%252F%3B1024%3B768

http://www.highclerecastle.co.uk/about-us/history-of-highclere-castle.html

https://www.google.com/searchq=highclere+castle+smoking+room&biw=1137&bih=619&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=blY9VcXBBPPLsASSnIHYBg&ved=0CAYQ_AUoAQ#imgrc=_

https://www.google.com/search?q=highclere+castle+drawing+room&biw=1137&bih=619&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=TVY9VeXcN43isASywYDYAg&ved=0CAYQ_AUoAQ#imgrc=5iNvGpeetCWrgM%253A%3BvlwaK8tnRLkqqM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.highclerecastle.co.uk%252Fuploads%252Fmediacentre%252FA02_DrawingRoom_fs.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.highclerecastle.co.uk%252Fweddings%252Fprivate-dining.html%3B828%3B550

https://www.google.com/searchq=highclere+castle+the+music+room&biw=1137&bih=619&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=F1Y9VYOFNLiRsQSelIHQAw&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAg#imgrc=bG3ptn3b0YcohM%253A%3BBhpOJhmUn_rPUM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fi.dailymail.co.uk%252Fi%252Fpix%252F2011%252F04%252F08%252Farticle-1374866-0B8B423D00000578-540_634x416.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.dailymail.co.uk%252Fhome%252Fmoslive%252Farticle-1374866%252FDownton-Abbey-Upstairs-downstairs-Highclere-Castle.html%3B634%3B416

https://www.google.com/searchq=highclere+castle+the+library&biw=1137&bih=619&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=-VU9VcywMqLgsASe54DwDA&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAg#imgrc=_

https://www.google.com/searchq=highclere+castles+saloon+room&biw=1137&bih=619&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=qlU9VYjDA4vfsATpmIGIAg&ved=0CB0QsAQ#imgrc=_

http://www.highclerecastle.co.uk/about-us/the-state-rooms.html

History Of Castles

History Of Castles 

One group that were important castle builders were the Normans. Beginning in 1066 under William the Conqueror, England began to build many castles. The first type were Motte and Bailey Castles.                

The castle is on the River Clyde. Destroyed during the Wars on Independence.

  Diagram of a motte and bailey castle. 

A very common form for a castle in the 11th century. 
Mottes were mounds, and the baileys were outer enclosures.
Motte and bailey castles were the most common type of castle 
for nearly 150 years.

The motte was built as a wooden tower and the bailey was a yard
surrounded by a wooden stockade and a ditch. 

Then there were more permanent castles. Stone keep castles. Two major ones were White Tower at the Tower of London and Rochester Castle in Kent. They were both square keep castles-same as stone keep castles. The weakness is that people can just go over or around the castle. The other weakness is that they can starve people in the castle by surrounding it.

                                                                                                   

       White Tower at the Tower of London. Made of stone to last longer. Did not give much protection to the people inside. 

Rochester Castle in Kent. Also made of stone to last longer. The people inside could be trapped or starved for days by people surrounding the outside of it.

They came up with a solution. They began to build larger castles called Concentric Castles. These castles were much bigger than the square kept castles. They kept the people inside safe, and also had gardens growing inside, so the people would not be starved. Everyone can survive in a castle like this one.

 Concentric Castle. This Castle is in France. People fought over this castle during the Hundred Years' War. It was placed right near the front of the Kings of England and France. It was on a very large hilltop. 

Concentric Castle. They sometimes call these "Castles within Castles." It is a very large complex, and is able to keep many people safe. This is a Welsh Medieval Castle that was built by King Edward I.














Sources:

http://www.clydesdalesheritage.org.uk/motte-and-bailey-castle/     

http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/castles.htm

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/370280400588007745/  

http://www.castlesandmanorhouses.com/types_03_motte.htm

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http://medievalcastles424.weebly.com/architecture.html 

http://www.reddit.com/r/castles/comments/1depz7/castelnaubretenoux_france_construction_of_this/